English
norskBlar i forfatter "Shkolnikov, Vladimir M."
Viser treff 1-12 av 12
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Between-study differences in grip strength: a comparison of Norwegian and Russian adults aged 40-69 years
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-10-03)Background - Identifying individuals with low grip strength is an initial step in many operational definitions of sarcopenia. As evidence indicates that contemporaneous Russian populations may have lower mean levels of grip strength than other populations in northern Europe, we aimed to: compare grip strength in Russian and Norwegian populations by age and sex; investigate whether height, body mass ... -
The changing relation between alcohol and life expectancy in Russia in 1965-2017
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-01-18)Introduction and Aims. In the 1990s, a strong inverse relationship between life expectancy (LE) in Russia and mortality from alcohol poisoning was observed. This association is remarkable as this cause accounts for less than 2% of deaths each year. It can be explained by treating the alcohol poisoning mortality as the best available measure in Russia of the population prevalence of harmful drinking ... -
Disparities in length of life across developed countries: Measuring and decomposing changes over time within and between country groups
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2016-08-11)Background. Over the past half century the global tendency for improvements in longevity has been uneven across countries. This has resulted in widening of inter-country disparities in life expectancy. Moreover, the pattern of divergence appears to be driven in part by processes at the level of country groupings defined in geopolitical terms. A systematic quantitative analysis of this phenomenon has ... -
Evidence of large systematic differences between countries in assigning ischaemic heart disease deaths to myocardial infarction: the contrasting examples of Russia and Norway
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-09-11)<p><i>Background:</i> There is considerable variation in mortality rates from myocardial infarction (MI) across high-income countries, some of which may be artefactual. Methods: Time trends in mortality rates from ischaemic heart disease (IHD) and MI were analysed for a set of high-income countries from the end of the 1970s. Using individuallevel mortality data from Russia (2005–2017) and Norway ... -
Excess mortality in Russia and its regions compared to high income countries: An analysis of monthly series of 2020
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-12-21)Background: Russia has been portrayed in media as having one of the highest death tolls due to the COVID-19 pandemic in the world. However, the precise scale of excess mortality is still unclear. We provide the first estimates of excess mortality in Russia as a whole and its regions in 2020, placing this in an international context. Methods: We used monthly death rates for Russia and 83 regions ... -
Long-term trends in blood pressure and hypertension in Russia: an analysis of data from 14 health surveys conducted in 1975–2017
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-12-07)Background - Hypertension is recognized as an important contributor to high cardiovascular mortality in Russia. A comprehensive analysis of data from Russian studies that measured blood pressure in population-based samples has not been previously undertaken. This study aims to identify trends and patterns in mean blood pressure and the prevalence of hypertension in Russia over the most recent ... -
Patterns in the relationship between life expectancy and gross domestic product in Russia in 2005-15: a cross-sectional analysis
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-04-04)<i>Background</i> - Since 2005, Russia has made substantial progress, experiencing an almost doubling of per-capita gross domestic product by purchasing power parity (GDP [PPP]) to US$24 800 and witnessing a 6-year increase in life expectancy, reaching 71·4 years by 2015. Even greater gains in GDP (PPP) were seen for Moscow, the Russian capital, reaching $43 000 in 2015 and with a life expectancy ... -
Seroprevalence of SARS-Cov-2 Antibodies in Adults, Arkhangelsk, Russia
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-02)Population-based data on coronavirus disease in Russia and on the immunogenicity of the Sputnik V vaccine are sparse. In a survey of 1,080 residents of Arkhangelsk 40–75 years of age, 65% were seropositive for IgG. Fifteen percent of participants had been vaccinated; of those, 97% were seropositive. -
Socioeconomic inequalities in physiological risk biomarkers and the role of lifestyles among Russians aged 35-69 years
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-04-15)Background: Socioeconomic inequalities in cardiovascular (CVD) health outcomes are well documented. While Russia has one of the highest levels of CVD mortality in the world, the literature on contemporary socio-economic inequalities in biomarker CVD risk factors is sparse. This paper aims to assess the extent and the direction of SEP inequalities in established physiological CVD risk biomarkers, ... -
Time trends in smoking in Russia in the light of recent tobacco control measures: synthesis of evidence from multiple sources
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-03-23)<i>Background</i> - The study aims at identifying long-term trends and patterns of current smoking by age, gender, and education in Russia, including the most recent period from 2008 during which tobacco control policies were implemented, and to estimate the impact on mortality of any reductions in prevalence. We present an in-depth analysis based on an unprecedentedly large array of survey ... -
Trends in life expectancy and age-specific mortality in England and Wales, 1970-2016, in comparison with a set of 22 high-income countries: an analysis of vital statistics data
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-10-30)<i>Background</i> - Since 2010, the rate of improvement in life expectancy in the UK has slowed. We aimed to put this trend in the context of changes over the long term and in relation to a group of other high-income countries.<p><p> <i>Methods</i> - We compared sex-specific trends in life expectancy since 1970 and age-specific mortality in England and Wales with median values for 22 high-income ... -
What should be the baseline when calculating excess mortality? New approaches suggest that we have underestimated the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and previous winter peaks
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-06-18)Excess mortality has been used to measure the impact of COVID-19 over time and across countries. But what baseline should be chosen? We propose two novel approaches: an alternative retrospective baseline derived from the lowest weekly death rates achieved in previous years and a within-year baseline based on the average of the 13 lowest weekly death rates within the same year. These baselines express ...
